Roof construction



F b 16 1937. R. M. cALKlNs ET AL ROOF CONSTRUCTION f Filed Nov. 16, 1935YPatented Feb. 1e, 1931 sum1-Ensures! PATENT OFFICE l. 2,070,648 I aooFcoNsTaUc'rroN Raymond M. Calkins, Deerfield, and James Swank, Chicago,lll.

.Application November 16, 1935, serial No. 50,016

claims. c1.10s13) Our invention relates to roof construction of the typeinvolving panels of sheet metal or other l suitable material, and it isthe object of our inwhereby the roof m its nmshed form is effective forpreventing the passage of heat therethrough and is of such structuralstrength as to withstand the pressures likely to be applied thereto bythe wind or by a load of snow, and whereby the separate panels astheycome from the factory are of such strengh as to keep their shape inshipment so as to be capable of fitting readily into interlockingengagement with the adjacent panels for the formation of the roof.

`25, It is another object of our invention to provide an improved formof ridge member adapted to have intertting engagement with the uppermosttiers of panels at opposite sides. It is another object of our inventionto provide an improved form of eaves member also adapted to haveinterttin engagement with the adjacent panels.

It is one of the objects of our inventlonto provide an improvedarrangement of supporting and attaching means for holding the panelsandother parts rmly in position.

It is another' object of our invention to improve roof construction ontthis type in sundry details hereinafter pointed out. 'I'he preferredmeans by which we have accomplished our several objects 40 areillustrated in the drawing and are hereina ter specifically described.'I'hat which we li e to be new and desire to cover by Letters Patent isset forth in the claims.

In the drawing,-

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross sectionallview through a roof embodying ourinvention. parts of the structure being broken away for clearness ofillustration; l

Fig. 2 is a vertical section through one of our improved roof panels;

' Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view through two adjacent panels showingthe end construction ofy the panels; and

rig. 4 1e e vertice: crees ,sectional view through our improved ridgemember.

Referring now to the several gures of the drawing, in whichcorresponding parts are indicated by the same reference characters, I0indicates the side wall of a building having a top plate II securedthereon longitudinally thereof. l;`

The wall I0 as shownin our drawing is of the type disclosed and claimedbylour prior application Serial No. 758,843, led December 22, 1934,

4the top plate I I being secured in position upon the wall by means ofhook bolts I2 of the type 10 disclosed by said application. 'I'heframework of the roof comprises aplurality of rafters I3 which are shownin the form of channel bars on edge,

the rafters ybeing seated at their lower ends against verticallydisposed plate portions Il. In- 15 wardly'directed plate portions Iiiextend underneath the ends of the rafters, tonguesl being cut from theplate I5 at intervals therealong and bent upwardly into engagement withthe rafters and secured in position by means of bolts I1. zo Theoppositely disposed raftersv I3 at opposite sides of the building arerigidly connected by tie y members I8 'of any approved type.

At the lower edge of the roof at each side of the building, wehaveprovided an eaves member 25 I9 of sheet metal supported at its upperedge by a straight inwardly directed flange portion 20, upon the inneredge of which is formed a boxlike structure comprisingange portions 2|and 22 formed integrally with ,the flange 20. 'I'he 30 vangelli standslinvengagement with an angle bar 23- mounted in crossed relationship tothe rafters I3 at their lower` ends, being held in position by means ofbolts 24. At a point spaced downwardly a substantial distance below thel3g;

supporting ange 20, the sheetv metal is turned 'downwardly to provide afacing member 25 and thence inwardly so as to provide a horizontal panelportion 2B and then downwardly to provide a flange 21 which is rigidlysecured by any suit- 41)v able means to the outer face .of the wall I0.

The principal portion ofthe roof is made up of a series of similarpanels 28 of sheet metal Y' each having an inwardly directed straightange 20 and integrally formed flanges 2I and 22 in 45 box arrangement asis described above in connection with the eaves member I9. At theirlower edges, each of the roof panels 28 is bent inwardly and backwardlyso as to provide a channel 29, connectedwith which there is a straight50 inwardly directed supporting flange 30 having a box-like structureformed-on its inner edge comprising ange portions 3|, 32 and 33, as isbest seen -by reference to Fig. 2. The box-like structure at the loweredge of the lowest roof panel 55 28 is adapted to t snugly within thebox-like structure vformed at the upper edge of the eaves member I9, andthe box-like structure at the upper edge of each of the roof panels 28is adapted to receive snugly therein the box-like structure formed atthe lower edge of the next higher panel 28, the roof being formed of aseries of interfitted panels 28 each of whichoverlaps the panel membernext below. The interfltted box-like structures are secured to therafters I3 by means of hook bolts 34 which are tightened against theedges of the flanges 22 and against the top faces of the flanges `33,such flanges 33 being distorted slightly by the pressure applied throughthe hook bolts so as to hold the flanges 33 firmly against longitudinalmovement, the parts being-thus held very strongly in position.

For supporting the roof panels 28 in their operative position asdescribed, we provide shelf angles 35 secured in position across therafters by means of bolts 36 in position to engage the bottom faces ofthe supportinganges 20. f i

At the angle of the roof, we have provided an improved ridge member 31also formed of sheet metal bent along its central line to provide panels38 and 39 at opposite sides. Each of said panels is provided with achannel portion 40 at its lower edge from winch inwardly extendingstraight .flange portions extend having'inside box structures formedthereon Yas above described in connection with the panels 28.

For insulating the roof and for strengthening the construction, we haveprovided rigid insulation board members 4| upon the inner faces -of thepanels 28, 38 and 39, layers 42 of asphalt emulsion being interposedbetween the insulation boards and the faces of the panels. As is bestshown'in Fig. 2, the boards 4I and the-layers of emulsion 42 are of suchthickness as to nt snugly within the channels 29-40 of the memberswherebyl the channels are protected positively against collapse. Theupper edges of the insulation boards are secured in position by means ofbolts :43 extending through the boards and through the sheet metal ofthe panel. By the use ofthe rigid insulation boards 4| secured inposition both by the layer of ,asphalt emulsion and also by themechanical means as described, the panel members are very greatlystrengthened so as to be enabled to keep their shape during handling andshipment from the factory so as to ilt without diillculty in the desiredinterlocking engagement with each other when applied in operativeposition upon the framework. Similar rigid insulationboard members 4Iaare secured f by layers 42 of asphalt emulsion and bolts 43 on other atan inwardly spaced point. By this arthe inside faces of the eaves panelsbetween the supporting flanges and the facing portions 25 of saidpanels.

-By the arrangement of the supporting anges 20 and 30 in engagement witheach other and both extending straight from the panel to be supported tothe face of the rafter I3, the construction is given such strength as toenable it to withstand the pressure applied -thereon by the wind or by aload of snow, particularly when such structure is reinforced by theshelf angles A23 and 35 as above described.

y At their vend portions, the several panels are connected preferably inthe manner shown in Fig. 3, comprising inwardly turned flange portions.44 which are arranged in spaced relation 4to each other at the outerfaces of the members but which stand in snug engagement with eachrangement, a channel is provided into which a calking member 45 isinserted for effecting the desired tight joint .between the parts.

While we prefer to employ the form and arrangement of parts as shown inour drawing and as above described, it is to be understood that ourinvention is not limited thereto but that changes may well be made inthe form shown without departing from the spirit of our invention.

We claim:-

l. A roof construction comprising in combination a plurality of spacedrafters, a series of panels of sheet' metal secured in crossedrelationship to said rafters by inwardly turned straight `flangeportions formed integrally with the panels at their top and bottom edgeportions, and bars secured in crossed relationship to said rafters belowthe securing flange portions lof said panels in position to brace saidanges for holding the panels firmly in operative position.l

2. A roof construction comprising in combination a plurality of spacedrafters, a series of panels of sheet metal secured'in crossedrelationship to said rafters by inwardly turned straight flange portionsformed integrally with the panels at their top and bottom edge portions,the flange at the lower edge portion of each of said panels being offsetupwardly from the extreme edge of the panel by a channel arrangement forpermitting each panel to voverlap the adjacent lower panel, means forbracing said channel portions for preventing the collapse of thechannels, and angle bars secured in crossed relationship to said raftersbelow the securing flange portions of the panels in position to bracesaid flanges for holding the panels firmly in operative position.

3. A roof construction comprising in combination a plurality of spacedrafters, a series of panels of sheet metal secured in crossedrelationship to said rafters by inwardly turned straight ange portionsformed integrally with the panels at their top and bottom edge portions,the ange at the lower edge portion of each of said panels being offsetupwardly from the extreme edge of the panel by a channel arrangement forpermitting each panel to overlapl the adjacent lower panel, and rigidboard insulation members secured on the bottom faces of said panelsextending from the securing flanges at the upper edges of the panels andsnugly lling said channel v portions servingto prevent the collapse ofthe channels. A i

4. A roof construction comprising in combination a plurality ofv spacedrafters, a series of panels of sheet metal secured in crossedrelationship to said rafters by inwardly turned straight flange portionsformed integrally with the panels at their top and bottom edge portions,the flange at the lower edge portionof each of said panels being offsetupwardly from the cxtreme edge of the panel by a channel ar- `lowerflange of the next higher panel for holding the panels rmly in operativeposition.

5,'A roof construction comprising vin combi- 75 nation (a plurality ofspaced rafters, a series of panelsof sheet metalarranged in crossed relationship to said rafters and each having an inwardlyturned straightIiangeportion formed in'- tegrally therewith at both its top and itsbottom .panels of sheet metal arranged in crossed relationship to saidrafters and each having an inwardly turned straight flange portionformed-integrally therewith at both its top and its bottom edgeportions, the flange at the lowerjedge portion of each of said panelsbeing offset upwardly from the extreme edge of thepanel by a. channelarrangement for permitting each panel to overlap the adjacent lowerpanel, interengaging boxlike structuresy formed integrally with saidinwardly turned flange portions, hook bolts extend- `ing throughportions of the rafters and engaging said box-like structures forsecuring the panels rigidly in position on the rafters, and meansforbracing said channel portions for'preventing the collapse of` thechannels.

7. A roof construction comprising in combination a plurality of spacedrafters,l a series of panels of sheet metal arranged in crossed rela'tionship to said rafters and each having an inwardly turned straightflange portion formed integrally therewith at both its top and itsbottom edge portions, the flange at the lower edge portion of each ofsaid panels being onset upwardly from the extremeedge of the panel by achannel arrangement for permitting each panel to overlap the adjacentlower panel, interengaging boxlike structures formed .integrally withsaid yinwardly turned flange portions, hook bolts extending throughportions of the rafters and engaging said box-like structures forsecuring the panels rigidlyin position on the rafters, bars ysecured ircrossed relationship to said rafters below said securing flange portionsin position to brace said flanges for holding the panels firmly inoperative position', and rigid board insulation members secured on thebottom faces of said. panels extending from the securing flanges at theupper edges of 'the panels and snugly-filling the channels at the loweredge portions of the. panels serving to prevent the collapse of thechannels. l f

8. A'roof construction comprising in combination a plurality of raftersrising tip spaced relation from a supporting structure be covered. a barsecured in crossed relationship to said rafters at their lower endportions, an eaves panel of sheet metal having an inwardly directedstraight angetportion in engagement withsaid bar so as to be supportedthereby, a box-like structure.

formed integrally with said ange portion and engaging said rafters inposition to receive therein an interiittin` box-like structure of anadjacent panel, and hook bolts extending through portions of the raftersand engaging said box-like structure for holding said eaves panel firmlyin. position.

9. A roof construction comprising in combination a plurality of raftersin spaced'relation at Vopposite sides of theroof structure, bars securedin crossed relationship to said rafters at opposite sides of thestructure near the upper ends of the rafters, a ridge. member formed ofsheet metal bent to form panels in angular relation to each other' andhaving inwardly directed straight ange portions at its opposite edgeboth oiset upwardly from the extreme lower edges of the member by achannel arrangement .at each side-and having box-like structures formedintegrally with said ange portions in position to enter interiit-l .tingbox-like structures of adjacent panels arranged in engagement with saidcross bars, and means f or securing said box-like structures of saidridge member rafters. I

10. A roof construction comprisingin combination a plurality of raftersin spaced relation at `opposite sides of the roof structure, barssecured in crossed relationship to said rafters at opposite sides of thestructure near the upper ends of the rafters, a ridge member formed ofsheet metal bent to form panels in angular relation to Ieach other andhaving inwardly directed straight flange portions at itsopposite edgesboth offset upwardly from theextreme lower edges; of the ;member by achannel arrangement at each side and havingibox-like structures formedintegrally with said'ange portions -in position to enterinterfltting-box-like structures of adjacent panels arranged inengagement with said cross bars, rigid board insulation members securedon the inner'faces of said panels and extending into said channelsserving toprevent the' collapse of .the channels, and hook boltsextending through portions of the rafters and engaging said box-likestructures for holding said ridge member firmly in position.

JAMES W. SWANK.

rigidly in position on 'said- I A s RAYMOND M. CALKINS.

